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Física > New Objects of Atomic and Nuclear Physics. Quantum Information. Physics at the turn of the millennium.
New Objects of Atomic and Nuclear Physics. Quantum Information. Physics at the turn of the millennium.
DISPONIBLE
URSS
9785396000490, 2011, 224 páginas
This is the second volume of the series entitled "Physics at the Turn of the Millennium." This book contains five chapters. The first chapter is devoted to modern concepts pertaining to the nature of fundamental interactions. The second chapter describes some novel objects of atomic physics that attract an ever-increasing attention of researchers due to a variety of physical properties and phenomena inherent in these objects. These are the exotic and Rydberg atoms, excimers, clusters, fullerenes, endohedral compounds, and carbon nanotubes. The third chapter describes a major success in the understanding of the structure and dynamics of nuclear matter achieved during the last fifty years. In the fourth chapter, new nonlinear optical effects whose origin depends on light intensity are discussed. The interpretation of these effects is frequently related to microscopic laws of the interaction of light at molecular and atomic levels. The fifth chapter deals with quantum information, a new direction in physics deriving from some ideas of quantum mechanics that have been neglected until recently.
The book is intended for everyone who is interested in the problems of modern physics.
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Contents
Preface
Chapter 1. Fundamental interactions
1.1. Gravitational interaction
1.2. Weak interaction
1.3. Electromagnetic interaction
1.4. Strong interaction
1.5. Some problems of elementary particle physics
1.6. The notion of mass in modern physics
1.7. Physical experiment: current status and prospects for developments
1.7.1. Some advancements of experimental physics for the last fifty years
1.7.2. Technological and quantum limits of the resolution
1.7.3. Possible experimental achievements in the next twenty years
Test questions
References
Chapter 2. Atomic physics
2.1. Exotic atoms
2.2. Multiply charged ions
2.3. Multistep decay of excited states of atoms
2.4. Rydberg atom
2.5. Excimer molecules
2.6. Clusters
2.7. Fullerenes
2.8. Endohedral compounds
2.9. Carbon nanotubes
Test questions
References
Chapter 3. Nuclear physics
3.1. Nuclear quarks
3.2. Particle accelerators
3.3. Energy properties of the nuclei
3.4. Nuclei located far from the stability region
3.5. Radioactivity
3.6. Spontaneous nuclear fission and spontaneously fissionable nuclear isomers
3.7. Proton and double-proton radioactivity
3.8. Cluster radioactivity
3.9. Super-dense nuclear matter
3.10. Transient radiation
Test questions
References
Chapter 4. Nonlinear optics
4.1. Multiphoton processes
4.2. Bose--Einstein condensation
4.3. Non-steady-state effects
4.3.1. Superradiance
4.3.2. Self-induced transparency
4.4. Solitons
4.5. Linear and nonlinear systems
4.5.1. Harmonic oscillator and mathematic pendulum
4.5.2. Resonant interaction of light with matter
4.6. Generation of ultrashort optical pulses
4.7. Laser control of chemical dynamics
Test questions
References
Chapter 5. Quantum Information
5.1. Superposition and entangled states
5.2. Quantum computers
5.3. Quantum cryptography
5.4. Quantum teleportation
Test Questions
References